A dry copying process in which black or coloured parts sticks to parts of asurface remaining electrically charged after exposure of the surface to light from an image of the document to be copied.

A situation where the total cost of an enterprise does not respond to the fall in output from the standard achievable from a given set of inputs. This happens due to dominance of fixed or sunk costs in a system.

A photocopying machine. Also stands for ‘to make photocopy’. ‘Xerox’ is the name of the company which introduced the photocopying techniques. It is now company used for the process itself through popular transference of usage.