A technique of costing in which products are shown at marginal cost; the fixed cost is deducted form the total contribution to get the profit (or loss).

1) The cost incurred by manufacturing one extra unit. Marginal cost differs forms the average cost due to existence of fixed costs in a production or service system. 2) The cost of the last unit of output; or the cost that would be saved by not producing the last unit.

The excess of selling price over the variable cost of production.

The excess of selling price over the variable cost of production.

The difference between revenue and variable cost.

It is the ratio of the ‘margin of safety’ to actual (budgeted) sales volume.

It is the excess of actual sales over break – even sales volume.

Usually the difference between the cost or value of an asset mortgaged or pledged for loan and the amount of loan that is paid by the lending bank or institution. Margin in accounting also refers to the difference between the sale price of a good and its variable or marginal cost.

Talks continuing over an extended period of time without any break.

A statement reflecting details of the cost of goods manufactured.

Expenses associated with the manufacture of a product, except the direct material and direct labour costs.

The cost of manufacturing other than the raw materials concerned and direct labour.

Any cost incurred in the process of production of goods, generally within the categories of direct materials, direct wages factory overheads and some indirect costs.

An account designed to ascertain the manufacturing cost of a product. All costs of raw materials, factory wages and manufacturing overheads are debited. The total is the manufacturing or factory cost. The difference between sale value and the manufacturing cost is the gross or operating profit (or loss); such gross profit less administrative and general overheads and financing cost gives the net profit.

One who is engaged in the production of goods.

An attempt to create a false impression of a trend in share prices by buying or selling large number of shares and thus mislead other investors to follow suit.

Manifest conflict is the result of apprehended or felt conflict. Conflict comes out into the open and it has a bearing on the action.

A shipping term. It is a detailed list of a ship’s cargo to be presented to customs authorities and to be sent to the agents abroad within six days of the shipment.

The theory postulates that every manager has to pay attention to both people and production.

1) One who controls or administers a business or part of a business. 2) Person possessing a specific standard of skill in household or financial affairs.